Atypical Neurologic Complications in Patients with Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: Report of 4 Cases

Background

Neurologic involvement occurs in approximately 25% of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. Manifestations are diverse and can affect the entire neuroaxis. Central nervous system dysfunction involves the brain as well as the spinal cord and may recur over time. Due to a variety of presentations, Sjögren's syndrome with neurologic involvement may be difficult to diagnose.

Methods

We report 4 cases of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome who presented with atypical neurologic manifestations.

Results

The first case describes a patient with a pseudotumoral lesion. The second patient was a 54-year-old woman suffering from a multiple mononeuropathy. The third case describes a 66-year-old man whose primary Sjögren's syndrome presented as progressive multiple sclerosis, and the fourth case reports a 57-year-old woman patient suffering from myelitis along with progressive cognitive disorders.

Conclusions

Neurologic impairment in Sjögren's syndrome is probably underestimated and the diagnosis is often delayed. Primary Sjögren's syndrome should be suspected in patients presenting with atypical clinical and radiologic neurologic manifestations.

Keywords: Sjögren's syndrome, central nervous system, atypical manifestations, autoimmunity, neurologic